ETHICS OF MANDATORY PREMARITAL HIV TESTING IN AFRICA: THE CASE OF GOMA, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO
Identifieur interne : 000C01 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000C00; suivant : 000C02ETHICS OF MANDATORY PREMARITAL HIV TESTING IN AFRICA: THE CASE OF GOMA, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO
Auteurs : Stuart Rennie [États-Unis] ; Bavon Mupenda [États-Unis]Source :
- Developing World Bioethics [ 1471-8731 ] ; 2008-08.
Descripteurs français
- Wicri :
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Aids epidemic, Antiretroviral treatment, Bavon, Bavon mupenda, Behavioral change, Bioethics, Blackwell publishing, Chapel hill, Civil authorities, Civil institutions, Civil marriage, Civil policy, Compulsory testing, Concrete recommendations, Conseil oecumenique, Democratic republic, Different forms, Different types, Disease control, Ethical evaluation, Ethical framework, Ethical issues, Ethics framework, Factual distinctions, Goma, Goma couples, Health care, Health policy, Human rights, Human virus, Journal compilation, Local churches, Lutte contre, Malaysian state, Mandatory, Mandatory testing, Mandatory testing policies, Mmwr morb, Morbidity, Mupenda, Muslim couples, Nations programme, Online, Policy effectiveness, Policy statement, Population mortality, Positive persons, Potential burden, Premarital, Premarital testing, Premarital testing policies, Premarital testing process, Premarital testing proposals, Public health, Public health authorities, Public health effectiveness, Public health ethics principles, Public health goal, Public health policy, Public health terms, Religious authorities, Religious groups, Religious marriage, Rennie, Sexual behavior, Sexual violence, Stuart rennie, Test result, Test results, Testing, Testing policies, Testing policy, Testing results, Turnock kelly, Unaids, Voluntary approaches, Voluntary testing, World health organization.
- Teeft :
- Aids epidemic, Antiretroviral treatment, Bavon, Bavon mupenda, Behavioral change, Bioethics, Blackwell publishing, Chapel hill, Civil authorities, Civil institutions, Civil marriage, Civil policy, Compulsory testing, Concrete recommendations, Conseil oecumenique, Democratic republic, Different forms, Different types, Disease control, Ethical evaluation, Ethical framework, Ethical issues, Ethics framework, Factual distinctions, Goma, Goma couples, Health care, Health policy, Human rights, Human virus, Journal compilation, Local churches, Lutte contre, Malaysian state, Mandatory, Mandatory testing, Mandatory testing policies, Mmwr morb, Morbidity, Mupenda, Muslim couples, Nations programme, Online, Policy effectiveness, Policy statement, Population mortality, Positive persons, Potential burden, Premarital, Premarital testing, Premarital testing policies, Premarital testing process, Premarital testing proposals, Public health, Public health authorities, Public health effectiveness, Public health ethics principles, Public health goal, Public health policy, Public health terms, Religious authorities, Religious groups, Religious marriage, Rennie, Sexual behavior, Sexual violence, Stuart rennie, Test result, Test results, Testing, Testing policies, Testing policy, Testing results, Turnock kelly, Unaids, Voluntary approaches, Voluntary testing, World health organization.
Abstract
Despite decades of prevention efforts, millions of persons worldwide continue to become infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) every year. This urgent problem of global epidemic control has recently lead to significant changes in HIV testing policies. Provider‐initiated approaches to HIV testing have been embraced by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization, such as those that routinely inform persons that they will be tested for HIV unless they explicitly refuse (‘opt out’). While these policies appear to increase uptake of testing, they raise a number of ethical concerns that have been debated in journals and at international AIDS conferences. However, one special form of ‘provider‐initiated’ testing is being practiced and promoted in various parts of the world, and has advocates within international health agencies, but has received little attention in the bioethical literature: mandatory premarital HIV testing. This article analyses some of the key ethical issues related to mandatory premarital HIV testing in resource‐poor settings with generalized HIV epidemics. We will first briefly mention some mandatory HIV premarital testing proposals, policies and practices worldwide, and offer a number of conceptual and factual distinctions to help distinguish different types of mandatory testing policies. Using premarital testing in Goma (Democratic Republic of Congo) as a point of departure, we will use influential public health ethics principles to evaluate different forms of mandatory testing. We conclude by making concrete recommendations concerning the place of mandatory premarital testing in the struggle against HIV/AIDS.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-8847.2007.00199.x
Affiliations:
- États-Unis
- Caroline du Nord
- Chapel Hill (Caroline du Nord)
- Université de Caroline du Nord à Chapel Hill
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Le document en format XML
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This urgent problem of global epidemic control has recently lead to significant changes in HIV testing policies. Provider‐initiated approaches to HIV testing have been embraced by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization, such as those that routinely inform persons that they will be tested for HIV unless they explicitly refuse (‘opt out’). While these policies appear to increase uptake of testing, they raise a number of ethical concerns that have been debated in journals and at international AIDS conferences. However, one special form of ‘provider‐initiated’ testing is being practiced and promoted in various parts of the world, and has advocates within international health agencies, but has received little attention in the bioethical literature: mandatory premarital HIV testing. This article analyses some of the key ethical issues related to mandatory premarital HIV testing in resource‐poor settings with generalized HIV epidemics. We will first briefly mention some mandatory HIV premarital testing proposals, policies and practices worldwide, and offer a number of conceptual and factual distinctions to help distinguish different types of mandatory testing policies. Using premarital testing in Goma (Democratic Republic of Congo) as a point of departure, we will use influential public health ethics principles to evaluate different forms of mandatory testing. We conclude by making concrete recommendations concerning the place of mandatory premarital testing in the struggle against HIV/AIDS.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Caroline du Nord</li></region><settlement><li>Chapel Hill (Caroline du Nord)</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Caroline du Nord à Chapel Hill</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Caroline du Nord"><name sortKey="Rennie, Stuart" sort="Rennie, Stuart" uniqKey="Rennie S" first="Stuart" last="Rennie">Stuart Rennie</name></region><name sortKey="Mupenda, Bavon" sort="Mupenda, Bavon" uniqKey="Mupenda B" first="Bavon" last="Mupenda">Bavon Mupenda</name><name sortKey="Rennie, Stuart" sort="Rennie, Stuart" uniqKey="Rennie S" first="Stuart" last="Rennie">Stuart Rennie</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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